Concrete building.



J. SIMPSON.

CONGRETE BUILDING. APPLICATION msu MAY19.1915.

Witnesses:

1. T. SIMPSON.

CONCRETE BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIS. 1915.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1.1. SIMPSON.

CONCRE'IE BUILDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAY\9.1915.

Patentedept. 19, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3 III I Ill-III.-

Inventor /J Sbvlfn y Harney:

1.1. SIMPSON.

CONCRETE BUILDING.

APPLICATION man MAY19,1915.

latvn'fdSept. 19, 1916.

4 SHEETSwSHl-ET 4 Inventor v 51M( Mm 6517 H 4.

tlorneyl.

Witnesses more stories.

JOHN THOMAS SIMPSON, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

CONCRETE BUILDING.

Linares.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19,1916..

Original application filed March 25, 1914, Serial No. 827,080. Divided and this application led May 19,

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JouN THOMAS SIMP- sors, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Newark, county of Essex, State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Concrete Building, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvement-s in concrete. buildings and is particularly designed as an imprmfen'icnt upon the invention disclosed in my application for patent tiled November 7, 1912, Serial No. 729,923, and a division of my application for patent filed March 25, 1911, Serial No. 827,080.

The particular' objects of the invention are: First: to make the invention applicable to the construction of buildings of greater variety and to provide for increasing or reducing the size of a building without rearranging the field molded elements, for thc reason that the building may have an inside and an outside with a flat surface instead oi' the timbered effect necessary to the building made according to my invention in my application Serial No. 729,923. Second: to arrange for the securing of a timber-ed effect, if such be desired, in one or Third: to provide for an air space entirely around the building and inside of the studs. These and further obvjects will more fully appear from the following specification and accompanying drawings, considered together or separately.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of part of a building embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2, 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view,in section, on a larger scale showing the. details of construction of the roof and cornice; Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4, 4 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a. section on the line 5, 5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6, 6 of Fig. 3; Figa' 7 is a perspective view of a corbel or cornice bracket; Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the wall and floor of the second story shown in Figs. l and 2; Fig. 9 is an elevation of the outside of the structure illustrated in Fig.

.58; Fig. '10 is a sectional view on the line 10, l0 of Fig. 8 looking upward; Fig. -11

is a sectional view on the line 11, 11 of Fig. 8; Fig. 12 is a perspective view of two alincd spandrel beams constituting a band course; Fig, 12 is a similar view of a modified form of a spandrel beam; Fig. 12b is a section through a stud showing an outer` Serial No. 29,030.

wall formed of lath and plaster; Fig. 12 is a similar' view, but with a projecting face of the stud showing on the outside, produc ing a. half-timbered effect; Fig. 13 is a view similar' to Fig. 8 of the first floor of the building shown in Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. llt isvr asectionalview on the line 14, 14 of` Fig.V 13 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. l5 is a sectional view of the footing, or foundation, and cellar' floor of the building; Fig. 16 is a 'horizontal sectional view through the studs of a partition between rooms; and Fig. 17 is a horizontal sectional view of a mold suitable for molding the vertical stud in the situation illustrated in Fig. 6.

In all of the views, like parts are designated by the same reference characters.

I will describe my invention in connection with a two-story and cellar building having a hipped roof, the latter being covered with shingles or tiles. This description Will make clear the principles of the invention which may be applied to the 'con struction of buildings of. different shapes and sizes. v

Referring particularly to Fig. 2: in the cellar is the footing 1 formed of any suitable material, such as concrete. Upon this footing and resting in notches in its upper face, best shown'in Fig. 15, are the outer slab 2, middle slab 3 and inner slab 4. These slabs are best made of reinforced concrete. Above the outer and middle slabs is a spandrel beam 5, preferably formed of reinforced concrete and having a notch in its outer face for engagement with the outer slabs, as best shown in Fig. '13. Above the spandrel beam 5 is an outside slab 6 extending to the top of the first story. Above this slab is a spandrel beam 7, preferably notched as best shown in Fig. 8. Above this spandrel beam 7 is an outside slab 8 engaging in a notch in the spandrel beam 7, as shown in Fig.

8, extending up to the sofiit 9. As shown in Fig. 3, the slab 8 isl made with an outturned upper edgeso as to form a foundation for supporting the soit slab 9.

Referring particiglarly to Figs. 2 and 3 it will be seen that the sotlit 9 is supported upon a corbel 10. `This corbel also supports the roof slabs 11: These 4slabs carry the tiles, or shingles 12; they also carry the gutter 13, ser: Fig. 2. The roof is supported upon rafters 14. The slabs 2, 6 and S, 1n

, and a floor beam 16 for the first floor.

the embodiment shown, constitute the outer wall of the building. Inside of the-wall there is a floor beam 15 for the second floor The inside wall and the ceiling are composed of latli or other reticulated backing 17 and a layer of plaster 18 attached to said backing. All of these parts, withtl-ie exception of the tiles, plaster, plaster backing and gut-.

ter are formed of reinforced concrete of cer- Y' In this tain standard sizesand shapes. specification I denominate -such -parts as factory molded elements. All of these parts are secured together and locked int position by means of reinforcedconcrete elements which are molded in place after the factory molded elements have been properly assembled. These 'latter elements I de'- iioniinate in the specification as field molded elements. In the particular embodiment chosen for illustration, the field molded ele.-

nieiit is a vertical stud 19. This element engages with the edges of the slabs, the ends of the spandrel beams, the outer ends of the lioor beams and rafters and the inner ends of the corbel and locks all vof the parts toA gethei'. T h'e manner iii which this is accomplished will be described after the following description of the roof structure and corbel structure.

Referring particularly to Figs. 3 to 7 inelusive, it will be seen that the corbel has a projecting reinforcement 20-=on its` vrear side. It also has a projecting reinforcement for the reception of the -fastenings for thel shingles, or tiles. On the lowermember of the corbel A10 are flanges 24. On these flanges l'est the`soiit slabs 9, best shown in Fig. 4. The `floor beains 15 and 16 have 'projecting reinforcements 25, as shown in Fig. 3, and when the stud is'molded in place,

it embeds the ends of the beams and unites with the projecting reinforcement, thus lock? ing the two parts together at each floor level. Reinforced floor slabs 26 are secured to the upper faces of the floor beams and iii tuin support va wooden floor 27. This structure is best shown in Figs. 8 and 13. T lie usual Washboard 28 is provided, `together with a:

nailing strip 29 to which it is secured. The spandrel beam constitutes a band course at each floor li`ne. This spandrel beam extends froni one s'tud to another as shown in Fig.

2.. It may, however, be longer, as shown in Fig. 12a. It is provided with notches 30 at suitable intervals, forming recesses forthe l reception ofthe frontsof/tbe -verticalstuds.

Where the spandrel'beam is in short tions, as shown in Figs 11'and12,"""'the notches are in the ends thereof. When-the spandrel beam is`longe ras illustrated .in Fig. 12", there are intermediate notches vinV addition to theend notches. Those spandrel beams are formed of reinforced` concrete and in each notch is a loop 31 of the reinforcing material.' Where short beams are used, as shown in Fig. 12, the loops overlapforining a pocket for the introduction of the reinforcement 25 of the stud` In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 12, the `re inforceinents are made with a loop to form a pocket for the same purpose. As shown, the spandrel beams 5 and 7 is each provided -with a shoulder 32 to forma backing for the lower edge lof its outside slabs Gor `8.

Referring particularly to Figs. '13, 14 and 15, it will be seen that the outer Slab 2 has a'fiange 33, while the inner slab'4 has a rsu flange 34. These flanges together Awith the' ends of the slabs 3, where they occur, define the shape of the stud and take the place of the `mold about to be described. This mold, best illustrated in Fig. 17, defines the vshape of the stud from the first iflooi upward. The moldniay be formed of metal, wood or other suitable material andis 'made in two.,parts, the inside part`35 goes inside of the building and the outside 36 goes on the outside.

Theparts are assembled in the following iiiaiinerz'Afterthe footing 1. is in position, the foundation slabs 2, 3 and 4 arzeipgt'in place and a. mold similar to the mold* is placed over the spaoebetween `theefndsfof the slabs ,4. The reinforcements 2.5,;Afforjf'tlie studs 19 are then introduced, 'and concrete is pouredinto the space. between the ends of the slabs 2 and the mold and the flanges 33 and 34. When the concrete reaches the proper level, the first floor beams are placed in position upon it. More concrete isadded until the to sl of the slabs 2 and 3Hare reached. T e spandrel beam 5 is now placed in positiongon topof the slabs 2 and 3 and .the concretefbetween them. The reinforcing'lop'slfwill englage the reinforce ments 25 of studlpghi'c 3o in. the-spindel.. 'ma

Referringpariwfj we: be'seentliat vthe Trcernents of the slabs 2. project inward-.clito a `point slightly re`- movedV from their outer edges, while. the reinforcements of the slabs 3, 4. extend straight out. YWhere the interior tiinbe'red effect-is notf desired the lalined edges `of the slabs 4, 4 may-abut below the beam 16 and`V will fill the notch l Fig, '14 a will define the, 'iruier side` "'ofithe stud.. In this l event the ends of the beams will rest Within notches in the upper corners` of the slabs 4, #L Vihcrc ill now be produced a structure r-oi'i'iiiriranig the slabs "l, 3 and 4. the spandrel beam .3', tin Hoor beams lt' and studs 1S) cxtendiiigf up through the spandrel beam The .slabs t1 are now placed in position with their louer edges resting against the shoulders Iii: of' thcspandrel beam 5. A mold, similar to that shown at 35 in Fi Y. 17 is piaced in alincment with the stud tlus 'far completed. and rests upon` the floor beam 16 and the spandrcl beam .7. The reinforcements art.- extended upward to the level of the second floor. The slabs (i define the front of the mold. Concrete is now poured into thc. mold until the level for the second floor beam is reached. The floor beam 'l5 'is placed in position with its end resting on the stud, the spandrel beam 7 is placed in position restingr on the top of the slabs G with the loopsl of its reinforcements embracing the reinforccments 35. 'l'he slabs 8 are now put in place resting upon the spandrel bcain 7. 'l'he molds 535 and 3U are piarcd upon the hcaim 7 and l5 with the staples .",T in place and concrete is poured in untii the root' lciel reached when the ratte: r if. corhify it) and soflits fl are pnt in plate and their projecting reinforeemet'its embedded in the stud. A fter the rafters and corbcls are in place, the roof slabs are positioned and the gfrouting 2'. introduced in the joints and. uniting;r with the projecting reinforccments of the rafters and corbels on fine hand and the roof slabs on the other, will make a unitary structure. The fina! covering:` of' the roof, consisting of shingles or tiles, is then secured in place, the fastcning's enteringn the nailing strips 23. The ,fipcration .so far described will produce a huildii'ig compriritng;l walls. floor beams.l and roof, The floors are huilt up in the usual manner. The inner liningr of the building: is now applied in place.

fine feature of this invention is the produiftonoi" a litiitliii;jl1a\'iiig vertical molded elements or studs and with an inner lining` producing` an ai:- space all around the building, including' the space occupied by the studs, This inncr linin; r comprises the plaster lfd and the filamentous backing, or lathintggf i?. This backing held in place by any suitable devices, such for example as those, disc' :wd in nil, hereinbefore referred to co1 nuff application for Patent No. 827,080. l he oniside of the first story of the buildin; i., sinora s covered by a coating 4() of etereo., and the outer wall of the cellar .is simil-niv 2'fitted with a waterproof mate Flai.

Figi. iii .ilaivws an embotiiment of the invention in which both outer and inner Walls are formed of lath and plaster, both walls being held m place by the. staples previouslyL described.

Fig. 12 shows a modification similar to that described in the preceding figure, eX- cept that the stud projects beyond the l'aee of' the outer wall of plaster and in this modification the ends of the lath or backing for the outer wall, is embedded in the stud.

The invention may be modified to suit different kinds of buildings In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merely illustrative and that the invention may be carried ollt in other ways.

Having now described my inventiolnwhat 1 claim as new and desire to secure by lietters Patent, is:

1. A reinforced concrete structure, which comprises premolded horizontal members with projecting reinforcen'ients and premolded slabs for exterior walls, saidslalis engaging the members and ha vingr projecting reinforccments, field molded vertical elements embedding the projectile;r reinforcements of the said slabs and horizontal members, in combination with an interior coat-- ing separated from such vertical elements by an air space. I

2. A reinforced concrete structure which comprises a premolded spandrel beam, a plurality of vertical spaced slabs engaging the beam, said slabs havingr reinforcements projecting at their ends, and end flanges extending:inwardly,in combination with a field molded vertical elementembedding said projecting reinforcements, and having a por tion of its sides defined by said flanges.

3. A reinforced concrete structure which comprises a horizontal spalnlrel beam with an inset shoulder extending the full length thereof, a plurality of alined vertical slabs engaging with said shoulder and each separated from its neighbor by a space, in combination with a molded vertical, load carrying element embedding the spandrel beam and the adjoining ends of such slabs filling the'spaces between the slabs and projecting beyond the outside face thereof to impart a paneled effect.

t. A reinforced concrete structure which comprises an alined premolded spandrel beam composed of sections arranged end to end, the -end of each section being rabbcted, vertical outside slabs having' reinforcements with projecting'l portions which enter the rabbets, and a field molded vertical load earryinirr element moldedaround the ends of the sections and within the rabbet and ein bedding the projectingr reinforcements.

5. A concrete structure which comlirises premolded spandrel beams arranged on thil same horizontal plane and having rabbeted ends, there being reinforcements within the llfl beams which project beyond the ends thereof into such rabbets, and slabs having reinforcements with projecting portions which enter the rabbets, in` combination with a field molded Vertical, load carrying element lying Within the rabbets embedding the projecting reinforcements and the ends of the beams.

6. A. reinforced concrete structure Which comprises a plurality of horizontal, premolded spandrel beams having reinforcements with projecting portions, said beams being spaced apart one above the other, a plurality of yfield molded, vertical, reinforced load carrying elements spaced apart, 15

ments of the beams and slab being embedded 20 in the vertical member. f

This specification signed and witnessed this 10th day of May, 1915.

JOHN THOMAS SIMPSON.

Witnesses:

HAROLD E. PFEFFER, ETHEL M. JONES. 

